国际权威医学杂志《柳叶刀》发病了一篇重磅论文,分析了1990年-2017年,中国34个省份居民的主要死亡原因,一共有10大死因。
它们依次是,中风,缺血性心脏病,肺癌,慢性阻塞性肺疾病,肝癌,道路交通伤害,胃癌,阿尔茨海默症、新生儿疾病、高血压性心脏病。
除了道路交通伤害和新生儿疾病,我们可以看到,导致成人死亡的主要原因,不是癌症,就是心脑血管慢性病,说到这,很多人会有这样的疑问,既然这些病的发病率如此之高,又该如何预防它们?
医生说,饮食习惯至关重要,很多病都是吃出来的,这一点都不夸张,要想远离上述的慢性病,四种食物,最好及时撤下餐桌。
第一,腌制和烟熏的食物,我国胃癌的发病率很高,其中饮食因素占据着决定性作用,在我国胃癌高发的地区,腌制和烟熏的食物,常常是人们的最爱,但是这类食物,富含硝酸盐,摄入后,最终转化成亚硝胺,这是一种强致癌物。
第二,高脂肪食物,富含饱和脂肪酸的高脂肪食物,比如油炸食物,肥肉,动物油,动物内脏,是升高血脂的元凶,长期进食高脂肪食物,很容易诱发高血脂,冠心病,高血压和糖尿病。
第三,高糖食物,碳酸饮料,各种甜品,充斥在我们的生活里,但是这些高糖的食物,不仅会导致血糖升高,还促进了脂肪的转换。
第四,酒,我国的酒水消耗量一直在不断增加,殊不知,喝酒是诱发肝癌,胃癌,心脑血管疾病的重要因素,如果一个人长期喝酒,出现慢性病的风险就更高了。
华大基因董事长汪健在接受凤凰卫视采访时曾说过:“60%的人将60%的积蓄用于生命的最后28天”,等到出现疾病了,再想着积极治疗,不仅要遭受更大的痛苦,还会花费更多的钱。
《我不是药神》里,有个癌症患者,说过这样的一段话:“我病了三年,四万块钱一瓶的正版药,我吃了三年,房子吃没了,家人被我吃垮了……”
而你是否知道,你现在每天在坚持的每一种坏习惯,都在为悲惨的未来埋下了伏笔。
中风
脑卒中,俗称“中风”,是世界范围内严重威胁人类生命与健康的慢性疾病,被称为“人类健康的头号杀手”。中风这个疾病在老年人中爆发率高,很多老年人上了年纪很容易会中招这个疾病,特别如今夏天气温居高不下,人容易脱水和血压升高,引发中风。很多人在确诊中风之后,都想不明白,究竟为何自己会患上中风的,现在就来好好为你解释下。
那么我们先来了解一下,中风都有哪些表现呢?
医生提醒,如果发现我们身边的人突然头昏、口词不清、面部不对称、肢体无力、肢体麻木、喝水呛咳,或者出现不明原因的视物旋转、行走不稳、呕吐、语调异常的症状,又或者有突发剧烈头颈部疼痛、瘫痪,甚至意识不清的表现,就要警惕可能是中风了。
导致中风的原因有很多,特别是吸烟和饮酒,不容忽视!
为什么烟酒会导致中风?
长期吸烟,会产生一氧化碳,尼古丁和其他物质,进入血管后会促进血小板聚集,使肾上腺素释放大量的儿茶酚胺,导致血压升高,血管痉挛,诱发中风。另外,过量饮酒会增加冠心病,糖尿病,肝癌和缺血性中风的风险。有研究证明,大量饮酒会使中风的风险增加10-20倍。
烟酒确实是中风的危险因素之一,但对许多人来说,不吸烟不饮酒也会导致中风。导致中风的原因其实有很多,众所周知,高血压是引发中风的重要原因,所以适当的控制你的血压才是明智的做法。如果控制好血压,可减少48%的中风,也就是说远离高血压才能更好的远离中风。
那么平时生活中如何预防高血压呢?
少吃油炸食物
炸鸡、汉堡这类食物已经成为了当下年轻人的"标配",这也是心脑血管疾病呈现出年轻化的主要原因之一。虽然说这些食物比较好吃,可是这些食物却非常的容易诱发中风。油炸食物中,含有大量的脂肪,食物在经过高温油炸之后,食物中的脂肪酸,会变成反式脂肪酸。反式脂肪酸能够使血压升高,而高血压是诱发出血性中风的主要祸根。
少熬夜
人的五脏六腑在睡眠中进行自我修复,若是长期睡眠不足,经常熬夜,不仅可能降低人的免疫能力,让自己很容易生病,还可能损伤自己血管的内皮功能,增加诱发动脉硬化的可能。
多运动
久坐不动已成为现代人的"常见问题"。由于工作原因,每天都面临着电脑,长时间保持久坐不动的状态。久坐不动是非常有害的,不仅会使血液循环缓慢,还容易导致大脑供血不足,供氧不足,并使血液粘稠度增加。促进下肢静脉血栓形成,如果斑块脱落,则会增加脑梗塞的发生率。
定期量血压
建议在家中或办公室放个小型血压器,定期量血压,并且确实记录每次的量测值。当血压出现连续三天以上异常时,请至医院进一步检查,不建议自行服用他人的药物或寻求偏方,而错过潜在疾病的治疗时机。
痛风
现在社会发展快,人的生活水平也越来也高,好吃好喝多了,再不运动,慢慢的三高就会紧随其后到来。三高危险人体生命健康的问题还没有解决的同时,第四高却已悄然降临,那就是高尿酸。令人忧心的是,第四高的危害很多人还没有意识到,觉得尿酸高一点对身体没有什么影响,有的人是该吃什么还吃什么,该喝什么还喝什么。或许高尿酸对身体的危害的却不大,但是由高尿酸引起的并发症却是危害极大,比如说痛风、肾衰竭等。
之前看到有一位男子半夜11点多的时候,突然感到手异常疼痛,并及时叫了救护车,医生检查了以后发现手指上很多地方异常结节凸起、肿胀,就立即对他进行了尿酸检测,结果令人不敢相信,尿酸值竟然达到了810umol/L,所以让他感到异常疼痛的是因为高尿酸引发的痛风。男子的疼痛原因查出了,但是并没有得到控制,就住进了医院,随着病情的恶化,血压及血氧一直在降低,最终导致肾衰竭的出现,带走了一个鲜活的生命。
经过了解知道,这位患者生前经营一家海鲜烧烤店,自己没事 的时候也喜欢喝酒、吃烧烤海鲜,吃完了以后就回家睡觉。因长期吃海鲜体内尿酸早在2年前就查出高了,可是这位患者并不在意,继续喝酒吃海鲜,像个没事人一样。今年症状严重了,手指节经常出现关节疼,严重的时候连腰都无法直起,还出现了血尿的现象,实在是扛不住了才来的医院,但是还是迟了。
所以我们知道尿酸高的时候,这几种食物就尽量少吃,不吃最好。
喝酒
喝酒是很多人的爱好,特别是夏季,一瓶冰啤酒喝下,马上感觉到凉爽了。但是很少有人在意它给身体带来的危害,啤酒内的嘌呤含量是非常高的,会直接引起体内的尿酸含量升高,而尿酸高的时候再喝酒,无疑是雪上加霜,尿酸值持续偏高会引起痛风,是很难忍的,所以当你查出尿酸高的时候一定要注意,不要喝啤酒。
吃海鲜
高嘌呤的食物,海鲜首当其冲,摄入过多的海鲜就相当于摄入过多的嘌呤,由此引发的尿酸含量超标,引发痛风的出现,所以尿酸高的时候,海鲜也是要忌口的。若是海鲜和啤酒一起吃,那不仅会产生大量尿酸,还可能会抑制尿酸的排出,对身体的伤害是非常大的。
其他食物
当我们体内尿酸含量高的时候,一些动物内脏、浓汤等食物要远离,还有耗油、海鲜酱等调料也要远离,这些食物也容易引起尿酸增高的情况。
哪些食物尿酸高的人可以吃呢?
1、茄子。茄子是一种碱性食物,不含嘌呤物质,能够促进人体活血消肿,还可以清热止痛,很适合尿酸高的人吃。
2、芹菜。芹菜是一种非常好的蔬菜,不仅高血压患者可以吃,高尿酸的人也可以吃,芹菜营养丰富,含有大量维生素和矿物质,能够起到清热利水的功效,尿酸高的人吃了也有很多好处的。
3、黄瓜。黄瓜是呈碱性的食物,含有大量维生素和钾元素,能够调节人体的水盐平衡,促进内环境的稳定,黄瓜还可以清热解暑、利水解毒,有助于降体内的尿酸排出体外。
当你查出尿酸高的时候,一定要在饮食上注意,含有高嘌呤的食物能不碰就不碰,同时要多喝水,及时排尿,有助于尿酸的排出。调整饮食的同时,也要加强身体锻炼,提高身体的免疫力。
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