手把手教你跑Larave框架实战笔记系列之二
系列之一为童鞋们搭好了舞台，今天正式登台跑框架了……
从“路由”开始，玩一把“Hellow world!”
Route::get(‘/’, function () {
//return view(‘welcome’);
return ‘Hellow world!’;
});
laravel 的每一个路由是需要手动定义的，默认欢迎页面（参数）
是 resources/views 目录下的文件名welcome.blade.php去掉 blade.php后缀，对应的路由
url 是 http://www.rk.com/
依此类推，把根目录“/”换成子目录“tests”模拟欢迎页面新定义一个路由：
Route::get(‘tests’, function () {
return view(‘logo’);
});
调用页面（参数）
是 resources/views 目录下的文件名logo.blade.php去掉 blade.php后缀
多多找一下路由（R）与（V）示例文件模仿书写格式，依此类推，只要格式相互对应起来就可以发生关联，调用视图
url 就应该是 http://www.rk.com/tests
就是这样子，把MVC中的路由和视图（V）关联起来了，万里长征开始了第一步，以后编程的日子里还会随时这样玩……
以上例子说明了路由可以分发请求，这就好比家里的路由器可以分发多路请求，满足手机、电视……可以有线连接，也可以wifi
路由中还可以引入 html 页面，可以在 route/web.php 中搞定一切。
但是如果把业务逻辑都写入到路由中，那路由就变成了原生开发“搭积木”，web.php页面代码庞大难以维护。
接下来控制器就登台表演了……
把业务逻辑写在控制器中，路由只负责转发请求到指定的控制器即可。
先前，我们已经在PhpStorm中安装了昵称为artisan 的 laravel 命令行接口,也就是根目录下的 artisan 文件，用法是输入命令：
Php artisan
意思就是使用 php 的命令行模式运行 artisan.php 文件，php命令行下是可以不需要文件后缀就能识别的，所以根目录下的 artisan 文件并没有带上 .php
Laravel构架之所以被赞誉为“为Web艺术家而生”，其优雅、艺术、现代主要就是表现在“用少量的代码来干很多漂亮活……”
php artisan.php 命令行主要有两个作用：
第一是生成文件，
第二是执行任务。
现在用它生成控制器（C）文件：
〖法一〗如果不带任何参数用它来生成普通控制器模板的话，输入命令：
Php artisan make:controller ArticleController
见证奇迹的时候又要到来了……
结果是生成了一个 app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php 文件；
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class ArticleController extends Controller
{
//
}
不但自动创建了文件，而且还定义好了命名空间，继承好了父级控制器，在这个模板上直接写管理MySQL的增、删、改、查的方法就可以了；
〖法二〗不想一来就自定义语句或方法，想用artisan先生成通用方法代码，再根据需要少量修改代码，也就是说用有点高逼格的方式来干写代码苦力活，那么只需加个–resource选项参数：
Php artisan make:controller ArticleController--resource
不但增、删、改、查的方法都定义好了，连注释都给写好了。这其实是按 RESTful 规范生成的格式，除了 GET POST 它还包含了一大堆请求方式：
PUT 、 PATCH 、 DELETE 、HEAD 、OPTIONS
也就是说 Route:: 后面还可以跟上面这些方法。
视图如何用？除了在路由中直接调用外，就是可以在程序中用函数来调用:例如调用视图admin/index.blade.php就在程序中用这个方法
public function index() {
return view(‘admin/index’);
}
就行了，视图使用容易理解。那么，控制器如何用？当然是放在路由中直接替代闭包函数来使用。因为路由（R）除了请求调用视图（V）外，更多的是请求来干太多的事，比方说处理数据模型（M）等等，如果把干这些活的代码都放这个闭包函数中是臃肿且难以维护的，所以才引入控制器这个中间件。很显然，控制器就是来替代路由中这第二个参数的闭包函数的。路由（R）－控制器（C）－视图（V）就这样轻松关联起来了，三者玩起来思路也很清晰，不难理解。
路由（R）－控制器（C）用起来也非常简单，直接写控制器名在路由（R）闭包函数的这个位置即可，然后用 @ 符号分割控制器和控制器的方法（可以是形参或闭包函数），例如：
Route::get(‘article/index’, ‘ArticleController@index’)
Route::post(‘article/store’, ‘ArticleController@store’)
当控制器（C）用处理数据模型时，就变成了：路由（R）－控制器（C）－数据模型（M）－视图（V）也关联起来了，四者不是同时一起用，就可能有多种排列组合，处理多种事务，响应多种请求。
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